RBSE Solutions for Class 11 Biology Chapter 45 Forest & Wildlife Laws: Environmental Ethics and Resource Use

Rajasthan Board RBSE Class 11 Biology Chapter 45 Forest & Wildlife Laws: Environmental Ethics and Resource Use

RBSE Class 11 Biology Chapter 45 Multiple Choice Objective Questions

Question 1.
Indian forest act, 1927 has provisions for prevention’s of
(1) Deforestation
(2) Water pollution
(3) Cattle grazing
(4) All of the above

Question 2.
Under which forest conservation act, prior permission of central govt, is essential
(1) Indian forest act, 1927
(2) Indian forest conservation act, 1980
(3) Rajasthan forest act, 1953
(4) National forest act, 1988

Question 3.
Establishment of National parks and Wild Life Sanctuary is covered under which act
(1) Indian forest act, 1927
(2) Indian forest act, 1980
(3) Wildlife conservation Act, 1972
(4) Rajasthan Forest Act 1953

Question 4.
The first act concern to pollution was made in
(1) 1948
(2) 1929
(3) 1974
(4) 1962

Question 5.
Under Motor Vehicle Act level of which gas is to be kept optimum :
(1) O₂
(2) CO₂
(3) CO
(4) N₂

Question 6.
Use of which of the following chemical is prohibited
(1) Potassium per magnate
(2) Copper sulphate
(3) Benzedine
(4) Sodium chloride

Question 7.
Which plant is called as “house physician (Vaiday) in India –
(1) Tulsi
(2) Gulab
(3) Pipal
(4) Kela

Question 8.
Which human act making “green revolution” as “blood revolution”?
(1) Deforestation
(2) Radiations
(3) Medicinal plants
(4) Sound pollution

Question 9.
When the wild life (conservation) Act, 1972 was implemented in Rajasthan?
(1)1970
(2) 1971
(3) 1973
(4) 1990

Question 10.
The Wahan (Vehicle) of God Bhairwa is
(1) Dog
(2) Lion
(3) Peacock
(4) Owl

Answers :
(1). 4
(2). 2
(3). 3
(4). 3
(5). 3
(6). 3
(7). 1
(8). 1
(9). 3
(10). 1

RBSE Class 11 Biology Chapter 45 Very Short Answer Questions

Question 1.
Which constitutes are included in forest Wealth ?
Answer :
Vegetation and wild life.

Question 2.
How the forest conservation was made during estate time ?
Answer :
The hunting was prohibited except the Royal family.

Question 3.
What is mentioned in article 48(K) of Indian Constitution?
Answer :
Improvement of environment and protection of wild life.

Question 4.
What provision of punishment is kept in violation of Indian forest act, 1927?
Answer :
6 month imprisonment and Rs. 500 penalty.

Question 5.
When the forest conservation act, 1980 was implemented?
Answer :
It is revised form of Forest (conservation) Act, 1980. It’s aim is io maintain ecological balance and to ensure environmental stability.

Question 6.
Which state is excluded under forest conservation act. 1980?
Answer :
Jamu & Kashmir

Question 7.
Which act has provision to unreserved the reserved forest ?
Answer :
Wild life (conservation) Act, 1972 allows to establish National parks and wild life sanctuaries.

Question 8.
Permission of whom is required to convert forest land to non forest land?
Answer :
Central Govt permission.

Question 9.
Which act is revised in National Wild Act, 1988?
Answer :
Amended 1980 act.

Question 10.
When the wild life Act, 1972 was implemented ?
Answer :
Sept. 9, 1972

Question 11.
Which act has provision to conserve the endangered species?
Answer :
Conservation of forest & natural ecosystem act, 1994.

Question 12.
Which punishment is included under water pollution act. 1974?
Answer :
Three years imprisonment or Rs. 10,000 fine or both.

Question 13.
When the pollution control act was made ?
Answer :
It was laid m 1974. 1977 & 1988.

Question 14.
Name the harmful and banned chemicals.
Answer :
Toxic pesticides, CO, CFC etc.

Question 15.
Which act concerns with air pollution ?
Answer :
Air pollution. Elimination and Control act, 1981.

Question 16.
When the first act concerning to pollution control was made ?
Answer :
1974.

Question 17.
How the air purification was made during “Vedic Yug”?
Answer :
By performing Havans & worshiping trees.

Question 18.
What are the main constituents of Environment ?
Answer :
Air. Water & Soil (abiotic) and Animals & Plants.

Question 19.
What do you mean by “Vasudav KutumbKum” ?
Answer :
To conserve all the parts of nature for human welfare.

Question 20.
What is our Moral Duty ?
Answer :
To protect the environment.

RBSE Class 11 Biology Chapter 45 Short Answer Questions

Question 1.
Explain “forest is a wealth for human beings.”
Answer :
The forest full fill all the requirement of human beings by providing food, medicines & other product.

Question 2.
What provisions are made in our constitution regarding conservation of forest and wildlife.
Answer :
After freedom in Independent India, the constitution founders were aware of wild life conservation and in article 48 (K) of Indian constitution provisions were made for improvement of environment and protection of wild life. In article 51 (K), citizens are expected to protect Forest, Lakes, Rivers etc and look after the animals and wild life.

Question 3.
Explain Indian forest act, 1927.
Answer :
Under this act following activities are prohibited –

Cutting-cleaning in forest under section 5.
Burning fire or leaving burning fire in the reserved forest.
Cattle grazing or over grazing.
Uprooting of trees and cutting of timber wood.
Cutting, trimming. burning, peeling of bark, plucking of leaves etc.
Mining, burning Lime and Wood charcoal.
Storage of forest products.
Cleaning of forest land for agriculture.
Hunting, Firing, Fishing, Poisoning of water source, Casting net for birds etc.
Hunting of elephants.
Business of forest products.
If the crime is proved, the criminal will be punished by the court for 6 month imprisonment or 500.00 rupees penalty or both.

Question 4.
What are the main aims of forest conservation act. 1980.
Answer :
It was implemented on Oct 25, 1980 in whole India except the State of Jammu and Kashmir. It includes –

Prohibition of ecological imbalance by deforestation.
Prior permission of central government is essential to deserve any reserved forest.
Central government permission is essential to use forest land for non-forest purposes.
For using forest land in non-forest purpose, a new forest will be developed in equal area.

Question 5.
Forest conservation act, 1988 is the revised form of which act ? Explain.
Answer :
It is amended 1980 act.

Question 6.
When the wild life conservation act. 1972 was implemented? Write its main aims.
Answer :
It was implemented on September 9, 1972. In Rajasthan, it was implemented in 1973.
Aims :

To Manage and control hunting of wild organism and birds.
Planning and Establishment of wild life sanctuaries and National parks.
To constitute wild life advisory committee to advice state governments.
To control the trade related to wild life acquisition, lordship and transfer and their skin.

Question 7.
Which rule allows to establish National parks and Wild-life sanctuaries ?
Answer :
For the conservation of wildlife, central and state governments have approved following laws :-

Wild life (conservation) Act, 1972 –
It is meant for the conservation of animals, birds and plants. It was implemented on September 9, 1972. In Rajasthan, it was implemented in 1973.
Aims :

To Manage and control hunting of wild organism and birds.
Planning and Establishment of Wild life sanctuaries and National parks.
To constitute wild life advisory committee to advice state governments.
To control the trade related to wild life acquisition, lordship and transfer and their skin.
To control trade concern to articles made up of leather.
Provision of penalty who work against the act.
To prevent and prohibit the hunting of wild life.
Conservation of special plants.
To provide right to the workers and officers of zoo to control the zoo and captivity reproduction.

The violation of the act may impose a penalty of 6 month to 7 year imprisonment or Rs. 500 to 5000 economic penalty or both.

Many Wildlife sanctuaries and National parks were established in India under this act. As a result, the extinction
of endangered species and ecological imbalance have been prevented.

Question 8.
Which acts are imposed by Rajasthan Government for wild life protection ?
Answer :
For the conservation of wildlife, central and state governments have approved following laws :-

Wild life (conservation) Act, 1972 –
It is meant for the conservation of animals, birds and plants. It was implemented on September 9, 1972. In Rajasthan, it was implemented in 1973.
Aims :

To Manage and control hunting of wild organism and birds.
Planning and Establishment of Wild life sanctuaries and National parks.
To constitute wild life advisory committee to advice state governments.
To control the trade related to wild life acquisition, lordship and transfer and their skin.
To control trade concern to articles made up of leather.
Provision of penalty who work against the act.
To prevent and prohibit the hunting of wild life.
Conservation of special plants.
To provide right to the workers and officers of zoo to control the zoo and captivity reproduction.

The violation of the act may impose a penalty of 6 month to 7 year imprisonment or Rs. 500 to 5000 economic penalty or both.

Many Wildlife sanctuaries and National parks were established in India under this act. As a result, the extinction
of endangered species and ecological imbalance have been prevented.

Question 9.
What is Pollution ? Write the effect of pollution on the environment.
Answer :
Addition of unwanted & harmful substances in the environment is called as pollution. It causes green house effect, ozone depletion & acid rains.

Question 10.
Explain the problems caused by pollution.
Answer :
Soil, Water, Air, Plants, Animals etc are the primary constituents of the environment and their interaction lead to the healthy environment. Now a days, deforestation, pollution of air and water because of many types of pollutants degrading our environment.

Question 11.
What is stated in water (pollution prevention and control) act, 1974. Write its revised act.
Answer :
This act aims to prevent and control the water pollution and the maintaining & restoring of wholesomeness of water by establishing central and state pollution board to monitor and enforce the regulation. It w as revised in 1997 and 1998.

Question 12.
Explain Environment (conservation) act. 1986.
Answer :
Environment conservation act, 1986 concerns with the control of soil, water and air pollution.

Question 13.
How rivers can keep clear and pollution free ?
Answer :
Rivers can be maintained clean by preventing release of sewage & industrial wastes.

Question 14.
What are the reasons of Large Natural Disaster ?
Answer :
Deforestation, Bomb blasting, Over industrialization etc. may lead to large natural disasters.

Question 15.
What is “Environmental Morality” ?
Answer :
There is a discipline in philosophy that reveals that moral relationship of human beings and the environment and it’s non human contents.

Question 16.
What is the role of plants in making health environment.
Answer :
Plants consume toxic CO₂ and release O₂. Moreover, they are the producers in the ecosystem.

Question 17.
How we should use natural resources ?
Answer :
Natural resources should be used in appropriate manner keeping environmental balance in mind.

RBSE Class 11 Biology Chapter 45 Essay Type Questions

Question 1.
Explain all the acts made by Government of India to conserve forests.
Answer :

Under this act following activities are prohibited –

Cutting-cleaning in forest under section 5.
Burning fire or leaving burning fire in the reserved forest.
Cattle grazing or over grazing.
Uprooting of trees and cutting of timber wood.
Cutting, trimming. burning, peeling of bark, plucking of leaves etc.
Mining, burning Lime and Wood charcoal.
Storage of forest products.
Cleaning of forest land for agriculture.
Hunting, Firing, Fishing, Poisoning of water source, Casting net for birds etc.
Hunting of elephants.
Business of forest products.
If the crime is proved, the criminal will be punished by the court for 6 month imprisonment or 500.00 rupees penalty or both.

Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 :
It was implemented on Oct 25, 1980 in whole India except the State of Jammu and Kashmir. It includes –

Prohibition of ecological imbalance by deforestation.
Prior permission of central government is essential to deserve any reserved forest.
Central government permission is essential to use forest land for non-forest purposes.
For using forest land in non-forest purpose, a new forest will be developed in equal area.

National Forest Act, 1988 (Amended 1980 act)
It’s aims are –

To Maintain ecological balance.
To ensure environmental stability.

Conservation of Forest and Natural Ecosystem Act, 1994 –
This act concerns to protect wildlife and use of the products by involving local villagers in the management.

Question 2.
Explain in detail the various forests acts made by Rajasthan Government to conserve forest.
Answer :
Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 :
It was implemented on Oct 25, 1980 in whole India except the State of Jammu and Kashmir. It includes –

Prohibition of ecological imbalance by deforestation.
Prior permission of central government is essential to deserve any reserved forest.
Central government permission is essential to use forest land for non-forest purposes.
For using forest land in non-forest purpose, a new forest will be developed in equal area.

National Forest Act, 1988 (Amended 1980 act)
It’s aims are –

To Maintain ecological balance.
To ensure environmental stability.

Question 3.
Explain in detail “wildlife conservation act, 1972.”
Answer :

For the conservation of wildlife, central and state governments have approved following laws :-

Wild life (conservation) Act, 1972 –
It is meant for the conservation of animals, birds and plants. It was implemented on September 9, 1972. In Rajasthan, it was implemented in 1973.
Aims :

To Manage and control hunting of wild organism and birds.
Planning and Establishment of Wild life sanctuaries and National parks.
To constitute wild life advisory committee to advice state governments.
To control the trade related to wild life acquisition, lordship and transfer and their skin.
To control trade concern to articles made up of leather.
Provision of penalty who work against the act.
To prevent and prohibit the hunting of wild life.
Conservation of special plants.
To provide right to the workers and officers of zoo to control the zoo and captivity reproduction.

The violation of the act may impose a penalty of 6 month to 7 year imprisonment or Rs. 500 to 5000 economic penalty or both.

Many Wildlife sanctuaries and National parks were established in India under this act. As a result, the extinction
of endangered species and ecological imbalance have been prevented.

Question 4.
Describe the various acts made by Rajasthan Government to conserve wild life.
Answer :
Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 :
It was implemented on Oct 25, 1980 in whole India except the State of Jammu and Kashmir. It includes –

Prohibition of ecological imbalance by deforestation.
Prior permission of central government is essential to deserve any reserved forest.
Central government permission is essential to use forest land for non-forest purposes.
For using forest land in non-forest purpose, a new forest will be developed in equal area.

National Forest Act, 1988 (Amended 1980 act)
It’s aims are –

To Maintain ecological balance.
To ensure environmental stability.

Question 5.
What are water and air pollution ? Explain the various acts made by the government regarding water and air pollution.
Answer :
Addition of harmful substance in the air and water is respectively called as air and water pollution.

Water pollution elimination and control act was laid in 1974,1977 and 1988 to maintain quality of water and to control the harmful effects of water pollution on the community.

Air pollution, elimination and control act, 1981 and revised act 1987 controls the maintenance of air qualities and deleterious effects of air pollution on the community.

Question 6.
Describe in detail the various laws laid by Government of India to control pollution.
Answer :
Water pollution elimination and control act was laid in 1974,1977 and 1988 to maintain quality of water and to control the harmful effects of water pollution on the community.

Air pollution, elimination and control act, 1981 and revised act 1987 controls the maintenance of air qualities and deleterious effects of air pollution on the community.

Environment conservation act, 1986 concerns with the control of soil, water and air pollution.

Other acts are motor vehicle act (1988), harmful waste and chemical act (1989) and forest and natural ecosystem conservation act (1994).

Question 7.
Describe in detail the ideology of various religions regarding use of resources and environmental ethics.
Answer :
Environmental Ethics :
Religion and environment are closely related and Indian Culture and civilization provide direct evidence. In Indian, all the religions are always respected equally and all the religions have a common aim. “Live and Let Live”. The moto of Live and Let Live is not only confined for human community but it also concerns with movable – non movable, living – non living, nature and environment.

Indian Shastras like Ved, Purans, Upnishads and other texts have provision to worship Sun, Fire, Water, Air, Earth etc. The trees like Pipal, Bargad, Tulsi, Kela etc. are worshiped equivalent to God. “Kalpvrakshy had been the sign to full-fill the desires. To get desired result Aahuti are given in “Yagya””.

Our culture had been forest based, The Upnishads were written in the forests. The Himalaya is the place of Saints to meditate. The Ajanta and Alora caves, the fine examples of art, are situated in forest regions. The soul of India lives in forests.

Women in India on various occasions worship various trees that varies from region to region. The trees such as Bargad (Banyan), Kela, Pipal, Khejedi etc. are conserved through religion to protect the environment. Particularly, Tulsi make our environment maxim and clean.

Various animals are protected by symbolizing them as vehicle (Wahan) of Gods. Such as Peacock for Kartikey, Dog for Bhanrwa, Nandi for Lord Shiva, Lion for Durga, Owl for Lakshmi, Mouse for Lord Ganesha, Garuda (Eagle) for Lord Vishnu, Snake (Shesh Nag) for Earth, Swan for Sarwaswati etc. The elephant is a symbol of Ganesh itself.

The rivers are worshiped as goddesses. Now a days, human beings started releasing sewage and other dirtily (harmful) substances in the rivers and water bodies. Earlier, this act was considered to be a moral crime.

In Hindu mythology, trees are worshiped being house of Gods. They are protected in adverse environment conditions like summers and winters. Such as Pipal, Kela and Tulsi etc..

The leaves of Bilva trees (Belpatra) are very’ important while worshiping Lord Shiva. Neem tree is greeted by saying “Sarv Rog haro Nimb” which mean remove all dis-eases. It is prohibited to pluck leaves of any tree after evening. It is a crime to cut any green tree though the dried trees can be cut for domestic uses. Kadampa tree (Neolamarckia cadamba) is worshiped with faith being concern with Lord Krishna. Ashoka tree is considered as sacred and beatific as mata sita prayed Ashoka tree by saying “Taru Ashok mum karhoo Ashoka”. This is the importance of forest wealth in our hindu mythology. Matsya Purana States “Ten wells are equal to one pond; 10 ponds are equal to one lake; 10 lakes are equal to one son and 10 sons are equal to one tree”.

In Brahmin period, Aryans worshiped the nature. Dravidians considered “pushp chandan (flower Sandal)” sacred and they believed that havan (homan) removes pollution and the odor of pushp chandan makes the environment maxim(Aromatic). Aryans adopted this technique and even today Hindus worship trees, water, air and fire.

It mean to say that all religions for human welfare fol-lowed the principle “Vasudeva Kutumbakam” and “Sarve Bhavantu Sukhinah, Sarve Santu Niramayah”. The essence of the teachings of all the religions of the word is to conserve all the parts of the nature for human welfare.

Exploitation of nature will lead to environmental pollution. The water, soil, air etc will get polluted as a result of bomb blasting, deforestation, over industrialization, sewage, use of pesticides etc. Hence, protection of the environment in view of human welfare should be an essential act. Since beginning in India, environmental concern remained key of sarvodaya philosophy “All the human beings remain happy, healthy and act jointly for human welfare”.

Soil, water, air, plants, animals etc are the primary constituents of the environment and their interaction lead to the healthy environment. Now a days, deforestation, pollution of air and water because of many types of pollutants degrading out environment.

The environmental imbalance causing ozone depletion, global warming, disturbed season cycle, loss of soil fertility and depletion of natural resources. Moreover, it resulted in drought, flood, increased diseases, soil erosion, desert expansion etc. The deforestation changing “green revolution” into “blood revolution”.

Question 8.
What is mentioned in the Indian religious texts for conservation of plants and animals. Explain how it has been correlated with religion.
Answer :

Environmental Ethics :
Religion and environment are closely related and Indian Culture and civilization provide direct evidence. In Indian, all the religions are always respected equally and all the religions have a common aim. “Live and Let Live”. The moto of Live and Let Live is not only confined for human community but it also concerns with movable – non movable, living – non living, nature and environment.

In Hindu mythology, trees are worshiped being house of Gods. They are protected in adverse environment conditions like summers and winters. Such as Pipal, Kela and Tulsi etc..