RBSE Solutions for Class 11 Economics Chapter 22 Environment Pollution

Rajasthan Board RBSE Class 11 Economics Chapter 22 Environment Pollution

RBSE Class 11 Economics Chapter 22 Text book Questions

RBSE Class 11 Economics Chapter 22 Objective Type Questions

Question 1.
Which of the following functions does environment perform?
(a) Providing necessary biotic, physical and chemical arrangements for life.
(b) Providing necessary raw materials for production.
(c) Absorbing waste materials.
(d) All of these
Answer:
(d) All of these

Question 2.
Which of the following gases is not a cause of air pollution?
(a) Carbon dioxide
(b) Carbon monoxide
(c) Sulphur dioxide
(d) Hydrogen
Answer:
(d) Hydrogen

Question 3.
Which is the major air polluting gas at present?
(a) Carbon Monoxide
(b) Carbon dioxide
(c) Sulphur dioxide
(d) Methane
Answer:
(b) Carbon dioxide

Question 4.
Which gas is responsible for the depletion of ozone layer?
(a) Chloroflorocarbon
(b) Hexaflurocarbon
(c) Carbon dioxide
(d) Sulphur dioxide
Answer:
(a) Chloroflorocarbon

Question 5.
Which of the following is a polluting activity?
(a) Dependence on thermal energy sources
(b) Increasing number of vehicles
(c) Increasing use of chemicals in agriculture
(d) All of these
Answer:
(d) All of these

Question 6.
In which year did the study “Our Common Future” (Brutland Report) of World Commission on the Environment and Development come?
(a) 1997
(b) 1980
(c) 1987
(d)1960
Answer:
(c) 1987

Question 7.
To what is “Montreal Protocol” related?
(a) Prevention of ozone depletion
(b) Preventing the increase in earth’s temperature
(c) Prevention of loss of bio-diversity
(d) None of these
Answer:
(a) Prevention of ozone depletion

Question 8.
To what is “Kyoto Protocol” related?
(a) Preventing the increase in earth’s temperature
(b) Prevention of loss of bio-diversity
(c) Controlling ozone depletion
(d) None of these
Answer:
(a) Preventing the increase in earth’s temperature

Question 9.
An environment conference held under the aegis of United Nations Organization in Rio De Janeiro, Brazil, was held in which year?
(a) 1980
(b) 1987
(c) 1992
(d) 1965
Answer:
(c) 1992

RBSE Class 11 Economics Chapter 22 Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Write the names of two gases responsible for air pollution.
Answer:
Carbon dioxide and Carbon monoxide.

Question 2.
Write the name of the gas responsible for depletion of the ozone layer.
Answer:
Chloro-floro-carbon.

Question 3.
Write any two reasons responsible for air pollution.
Answer:

1. Combustion from industries.
2. Vehicular emissions.

Question 4.
Write the names of two gases responsible for increase in earth’s temperature.
Answer:
Carbon dioxide and Carbon monoxide.

Question 5.
Write the names of two gases responsible for acid rain.
Answer:

1. Sulphur dioxide
2. Nitric dioxide.

Question 6.
Write any two causes of soil pollution.
Answer:

1. Cutting of forests.
2. Excessive animal grazing.

Question 7.
Give any two reasons for loss of biodiversity.
Answer:

1. Habitat destruction
2. Pollution and global warming.

Question 8.
Write the names of any three types of pollution.
Answer:

1. Soil pollution
2. Water pollution
3. Air pollution.

Question 9.
Write the names of two global conference declarations (protocols) for controlling environmental pollution.
Answer:

1. A conference on global warming was organized in Kyoto city of Japan in 1997.
2. In Rio De Janeiro in 2012.

RBSE Class 11 Economics Chapter 22 Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What is meant by environment?
Answer:
The complex interaction of physical, chemical, and biotic factors (such as climate, soil, and living things) that act upon an organism or an ecological community and ultimately determine its form and survival.

Question 2.
What is meant by environment pollution?
Answer:
Environment Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into the natural environment that cause adverse change.

Question 3.
Write the main kinds of environment pollution.
Answer:

1. Air Pollution
2. Water Pollution
3. Soil pollution
4. Noise pollution
5. Loss of bio diversity
6. Solid waste management.

Question 4.
What is air pollution? Define it.
Answer:
Air pollution occurs when harmful or excessive quantities of substances including gases, particulates, and biological molecules are introduced into the Earth’s atmosphere.

Question 5.
What do you understand by loss of bio-diversity?
Answer:
Bio-diversity is a vital resource of the earth. Every creature has a specific genetic structure, which is an important natural resource. Existence of various types of plants, living organisms and micro-organisms is the basis of bio-diversity.

Question 6.
Define soil pollution.
Answer:
The upper thin layer of the soil on the earth’s surface is precious for life. Any adverse physical, chemical and biological alteration in it is called soil pollution.

Question 7.
What is meant by sustainable development?
Answer:
Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

Question 8.
What is Montreal Protocol?
Answer:
The Montreal Protocol, finalized in 1987, is a global agreement to protect the stratospheric ozone layer by phasing out the production and consumption of ozone-depleting substances (ODS).

Question 9.
What is Kyoto Protocol?
Answer:
A conference on global warming was organized in Kyoto city of Japan in 1997. An agreement was made in it which has been accepted by 169 countries. For clean development process, it was decided that the country’s industries should achieve the required deduction of 5 per cent. From the level of 1990 by the year 2010. This Protocol is effective from 2005.

Question 10.
What is meant by strong sustainability?
Answer:
Strong sustainability is the prerequisite and foundation of any human development, whether social, economic or technological. It means the preservation of the integrity of all ecological systems in the biosphere.

Question 11.
Write any four causes of soil pollution.
Answer:

1. Cutting of forests.
2. Excessive animal grazing.
3. Use of agricultural chemicals.
4. Rapid water run-off.

RBSE Class 11 Economics Chapter 22 Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Write the functions of environment.
Answer:
Environment performs four main functions of life :

1. Firstly, it provides the necessary biotic, physical, and chemical systems for the existence of life. This includes atmosphere, rivers, fertile soil, animal and plant kingdom etc. Depletion of ozone layer, greenhouse effect, air pollution, water pollution and decreasing soil fertility is affecting the conditions of life very badly.
2. Secondly, Environment provides input for production and economic activities. Natural resources can be of two types: renewable and non-renewable. Renewable natural resources can be obtained again. Their excessive exploitation can eliminate them completely. There is a limited reserve of non-renewable natural resources. We should use them sensibly because they can be eliminated due to their excessive exploitation.
3. Thirdly, absorption functions: Waste material produce by production activities and human activities are absorbed by the Environment in itself. But this capacity of environment is limited. Absorption of long living radioactive materials and heavy elements takes a very long time and thus their waste management should be done very carefully.
4. Fourthly, providing other services like Natural beauty. These are not essential for existence of life, but they do affect the quality of life.

Question 2.
Discuss the forms, causes and consequences of air pollution.
Answer:
Meaning of Air pollution :
Air pollution refers to the release of pollutants into the air that are detrimental to human health and the planet as a whole. Air pollution occurs when harmful or excessive quantities of substances including gases, particulates, and biological molecules are introduced into Earth’s atmosphere.

Cause of Air pollution :
The effluent gases produced by thermal power plants, industrial units and motorized vehicles get highly concentrated in certain areas. These gases include carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, sulphur dioxide etc. which are emitted. The rapidly increasing number of motorized vehicles, failures of industrial units to employ appropriate pollution control systems and a major share of thermal power in energy is further intensifying this problem. Motorized vehicles have the maximum contribution in this.

Conclusion :
Due to increase in air pollution, acid rain is caused. Gases emitted from industrial production, i.e. sulphur dioxide, nitric dioxide and carbon dioxide enter the atmosphere and form sulphuric acid, nitric acid and carbolic acid, which fall on earth along with rain. These then coming down to earth with rain, pollute the water sources of the earth and thus affect plant and animal life adversely, buildings are harmed and soil fertility is reduced. That is why, it is needed to control the increasing acidity of the environment by limiting the emission of such gases.

Question 3.
Explain the types of pollution.
Answer:
Following are the types of pollution :

• Air pollution :
  Air pollution occurs when harmful or excessive quantities of substances including gases, particulates, and biological molecules are introduced into the Earth’s atmosphere. Carbon dioxide is the main air pollutant. Due to increase in air pollution, acid rain is caused. Gas emitted from industrial pollution, i.e. sulphur dioxide, nitric dioxide and carbon dioxide enter the atmosphere, and form sulphuric acid, nitric acid and carbolic acid, which fall on earth along with rain.
• Water Pollution :
  Activities taking place in the environment which cause deterioration of properties of clean water and reduce the supply of clean water are called water pollution. Water is being polluted by mixing of industrial waste materials in sources Of clean water, dissolution of agricultural chemicals with decomposition in clean water resources, lack of proper solid waste disposal system and dissolution of radioactive materials in water.
• Soil pollution :
  The upper thin layer of the soil on the earth’s surface is precious for life. Any adverse physical, chemical and biological alteration in it is called soil pollution.
• Loss of Bio-diversity :
  Bio-diversity is a vital resource of the earth. Every creature has a specific genetic structure, which is an important natural resource. Various types of plants, living beings and micro organisms are the basis of bio-diversity.
• Solid waste management :
  Materials lying in an improper manner and at inappropriate places, which could be used again, but which obstruct the working system of the environment, are called solid waste. The leftover materials from production of nuclear energy are included in nuclear waste.
• Noise pollution :
  Unusual and loud sound is called noise. The intensity of sound is measured in decibels. The sound produced in a normal conversation has the intensity of 40-60 decibels. Loud sound is also harmful for human health. Sound pollution can be controlled by making up various norms and laws, by making changes in the technology and by making changes in the human nature.

Question 4.
What are the causes of environmental pollution?
Answer:
Causes of environmental pollution are :

1. Rapidly increasing industries and failure of industrial units to employ pollution control systems.
2. Destruction of forest areas, and accordingly, lack of tree plantation and excessive animal grazing.
3. The amount of carbon emission is increasing due to increase in number of vehicles and their increasing emissions.
4. Increasing use of chemical fertilizers and insecticides, inappropriate system of irrigation and lack of proper disposal of agricultural wastes.
5. Growing population- The pressure of population on natural resource is increasing 17 per cent of the population in India lives on 2.17 per cent of global area.
6. Due to poverty, dependence on conventional sources of energy.
7. Lack of proper solid waste management system.
8. Dependence on thermal power plants for energy.
9. Excessive exploitation of non-renewable natural resources and less regeneration of renewable natural resources.
10. Not thinking about the environmental threats of loss of bio diversity.
11. Lack of commitment on the part of developed countries in controlling carbon emission.

Question 5.
Give suggestions for controlling environmental pollution.
Answer:
Suggestions for controlling environmental pollution are :

1. Pollution should be controlled by adopting appropriate pollution control systems, efficient fuel use and suitable solid waste management systems.
2. Increasing forest area by tree plantation, control on excessive grazing, adopting social forestry programme to increase forest area.
3. Developing an adequate public transport system.
4. Using bio-fertilizers and bio-pesticides in place of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in cultivation and employing efficient system of irrigation.
5. Population control, so that the burden of population on limited resources can be reduced.
6. Including concerns of environmental conservation in planning of poverty alleviation programmes.
7. Proper disposal of industrial and nuclear waste.
8. Expansion of efficient energy systems and increasing dependence on clean sources of energy like wind energy, solar energy, tidal energy etc.
9. Searching for alternatives to non-renewable natural resources and sufficient regeneration of renewable resources.
10. Developed countries should be committed to carbon emission control and transfer clean and sufficient technology for developing countries.

Question 6.
What is meant by sustainable development? Why is it necessary?
Answer:
Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
Need of Sustainable development :
Economic activities bear an effect on environment. Therefore the protection of environment is necessary along with the fulfillment of the needs of the present population. Economic activities should be in harmony with the environment. The utilization of renewable resources should be done without reducing their previous levels. As the use of trees should be done with tree plantation. The utilization of non-renewable resources should not be more than the equivalent quantity of alternative means. The burden of population should be in conformity to the availability of natural capital. Excessive population will have an adverse effect on our capability to fulfill the need of future generations.

The environment friendly sources of energy should be used, like wind energy, solar energy, gobar gas, and mini hydel plants and their development should be done rapidly because on one hand, the production of electricity from coal and petrol is decreasing their stable stock, and on the other hand, it is a cause of pollution. These poisonous materials enter our food through agricultural products and water.

RBSE Class 11 Economics Chapter 22 Other Important Questions

RBSE Class 11 Economics Chapter 22 Objective Type Questions

Question 1.
How many functions does Environment perform for life?
(a) Four
(b) Five
(c) Six
(d) Three
Answer:
(a) Four

Question 2.
What was the number of of motor vehicles in 1951?
(a) 5 lakh
(b) 3 lakh
(c) 10 lakh
(d) 4 lakh
Answer:
(b) 3 lakh

Question 3.
What affects the metabolism and respiration activity of human?
(a) Air pollution
(b) Noise pollution
(c) Soil pollution
(d) Solid waste management
(a) Air pollution

Question 4.
At what height is the concentration of ozone found in the atmosphere?
(a) 20-60 km
(b) 40-60 km
(c) 60-80 km
(d) 20-40 km
Answer:
(a) 20-60 km

Question 5.
When was the conference on global warming organized in Kyoto city of Japan?
(a) 1997
(b) 1999
(c) 2001
(d) 2003
Answer:
(a) 1997

Question 6.
What affects the ozone layer?
(a) CO₂
(b) CFC
(c) O₂
(d) Carbon monoxide
Answer:
(b) CFC

Question 7.
When was Central Pollution Board established in India?
(a) 1978
(b) 1980
(c) 1974
(d) 1975
Answer:
(c) 1974

Question 8.
How many regional offices does Central Pollution Board have?
(a) 7
(b) 10
(c) 8
(d) 5
Answer:
(a) 7

RBSE Class 11 Economics Chapter 22 Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What is the study of the relationship between biotic and a biotic components called?
Answer:
Environment.

Question 2.
What are included in biotic components?
Answer:
Various types of plants, animals, humans, micro-organisms, etc.

Question 3.
What are included in abiotic components?
Answer:
Water, Air, Soil, Sunlight etc.

Question 4.
Environment is the study of relationship of what?
Answer:
Between biotic and abiotic components.

Question 5.
What does Environment provided for productive and economic activities.
Answer:
Input.

Question 6.
State names of one example of renewable source.
Answer:
Forest area.

Question 7.
State the names of two diseases caused by air pollution.
Answer:

1. Slow movement of heart beat.
2. Insomnia.

Question 8.
What was the number of motor vehicles in 2003?
Answer:
67 crore.

Question 9.
How many countries have accepted the Kyoto Protocol?
Answer:
169 countries.

Question 10.
State one measure to control air pollution.
Answer:
Lessening the dependence on thermal power plants.

Question 11.
When was Montreal agreement signed?
Answer:
In 1987.

Question 12.
What was the objective of Montreal agreement?
Answer:
To stop the production of chlorofluorocarbon.

Question 13.
How many countries have signed the Montreal agreement?
Answer:
191 countries.

Question 14.
When is the Ozone Day celebrated?
Answer:
On 16th September.

Question 15.
When will the production and consumption of Hailono stop completely?
Answer:
By 2010.

Question 16.
According to Indian Government, what is the amount of nutritional elements that get depleted every year due to land erosion?
Answer:
From 5.08 million tons to 8.4 million tons.

Question 17.
What is the cause of acid rain?
Answer:
Increase in air pollution.

Question 18.
What is affected by water pollution?
Answer:
Animal kingdom and vegetation kingdom.

Question 19.
Soil lacks in which nutrient elements?
Answer:
Nitrogen, phosphorus etc.

Question 20.
State one reason of soil pollution.
Answer:
Cutting of forests.

Question 21.
State one measure to check in soil pollution.
Answer:
By planting trees.

Question 22.
Why is bio-diversity important? State one reason.
Answer:
It is important for the ecological system.

Question 23.
State one reason for depletion of bio-diversity.
Answer:
Excessive exploitation.

Question 24.
State one effort for solid waste management.
Answer:
To have proper arrangement of waste disposal in the residential areas.

Question 25.
What is unusual and loud sound called?
Answer:
Noise.

Question 26.
What should be the adequate range of the sound produced in a normal conversation?
Answer:
40-60 decibels.

Question 27.
What causes the weakening of hearing capacity in humans?
Answer:
Noise pollution.

Question 28.
A sound of more than how many decibels is considered to be harmful?
Answer:
More than 90 decibels.

Question 29.
State any one reason of Environmental pollution.
Answer:
Increasing number of motor vehicles.

Question 30.
State one aim of sustainable development.
Answer:
To fully eradicate all types of poverty.

RBSE Class 11 Economics Chapter 22 Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What is the foremost function of environment?
Answer:
It provides the necessary biotic, physical, and chemical systems for the existence of life.

Question 2.
What provides the necessary ways for life?
Answer:
Environment provides the necessary ways for life.

Question 3.
What produces the most air pollution?
Answer:
Motor vehicles.

Question 4.
Which is the foremost gas responsible for air pollution?
Answer:
Carbon Dioxide.

Question 5.
Asphyxia, Insomnia and restlessness diseases are mostly caused by what?
Answer:
By air pollution.

Question 6.
Why do ultraviolet rays of the sun come directly towards the earth?
Answer:
Due to the depletion of ozone layer.

Question 7.
What absorbs the ultraviolet rays coming from the sun?
Answer:
Ozone layer.

Question 8.
Which countries did not accept the Kyoto protocol?
Answer:
America and Australia.

Question 9.
State one impact of greenhouse effect.
Answer:
The average temperature of the earth is increasing.

Question 10.
State two measures to control air pollution.
Answer:

1. Use of clean fuel.
2. Lessening the dependence on Thermal power plants.

Question 11.
State three reasons for soil pollution.
Answer:

1. Lack of measures for soil conservation.
2. Inadequate irrigation facilities.
3. Use of agricultural pesticides.

Question 12.
What is the affect on soil due to soil pollution?
Answer:
The productivity of soil becomes less due to soil pollution.

Question 13.
State two measures to control soil pollution.
Answer:

1. By adapting appropriate water drainage system.
2. Properly utilizing the water.

Question 14.
What is bio diversity?
Answer:
Existence of plants, animals, humans and micro-organisms is termed as bio-diversity.

Question 15.
State two measures for solid waste management.
Answer:

1. To have proper arrangement of waste disposal in the residential areas.
2. To release the waste disposals from the hospitals separately.

Question 16.
According to World Health Organization, how much decibal sound should be there in day time?
Answer:
55 decibel.

Question 17.
According to World Health Organization, how much decibal sound should be there in night time?
Answer:
45 decibel.

Question 18.
State two causes of noise pollution.
Answer:

1. Usage of noise producing equipments.
2. Noise from vehicles.

Question 19.
Stress, anxiety and tiredness arises due to which pollution?
Answer:
Due to noise pollution.

Question 20.
How can noise pollution be checked?
Answer:
By making proper laws for controlling the noise pollution.

Question 21.
How can people be made aware of the adverse effects of noise pollution?
Answer:
By creating proper awarness among people.

Question 22.
State two reasons of environment pollution.
Answer:

1. Dependence on the traditional sources of energy.
2. Dependence on the thermal plants for energy.

Question 23.
State two measures to control environment pollution.
Answer:

1. To develop the public transport system.
2. To control the population, so that the burden of population many be decreased upon the Limited resources.

Question 24.
State the examples of biotic and abiotic components.
Answer:
In biotic components, human, plants and animals are included, while in abiotic components, water, air, sunlight etc are included.

Question 25.
Explain the second activity of environment in context to life.
Answer:
Environment provides input for production and economic activities.

Question 26.
What is a renewable source? Explain with the example.
Answer:
The products that can easily be renewed are called renewable sources. Forest area and fish are renewable sources.

Question 27.
Explain the third activity of environment in context to life.
Answer:
Waste material produced by production activities and human activities are absorbed by the Environment in itself.

Question 28.
What do you mean by Greenhouse effect?
Answer:
The average temperature of the earth is increasing due to increase in the quantity of gases such as carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and sulphur dioxide in the lower strata of the atmosphere. This is called the Greenhouse effect.

Question 29.
What do you mean by ozone layer?
Answer:
A concentrated layer of ozone is found in the atmosphere at a height of 20-60 km from the earth’s surface. This layer absorbs the ultraviolet rays coming from the sun.

Question 30.
How is chlorofluorocarbon emitted?
Answer:
Chlorofluorocorbon is emitted through air conditionersref, rigeration system, fire extinguishers, etc.

Question 31.
What is the effect of CFC on ozone layer?
Answer:
Chloroflorocarbon destroys the ozone layer, due to which the ultraviolet rays come directly to the earth. This has an adverse impact on crop productivity and also causes skin cancer.

Question 32.
What are the reasons of soil pollution?
Answer:

1. Cutting of forests.
2. Excessive animal grazing.
3. Use of agricultural pesticides.
4. Rapid water run-off.
5. Improper solid waste management.
6. Exploitation of underground water resources without compensating for their use.
7. Lack of proper irrigation facilities.

Question 33.
How can soil pollution be controlled?
Answer:
Using bio-fertilizers and bio-pesticides in place of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in agriculture and employing an efficient system of irrigation.

Question 34.
Why is bio diversity important?
Answer:

1. For ecological system
2. For agricultural production.
3. For availability of medicines- today, almost 60% of the medicines in the world are obtained from plants, organisms and micro-organisms.
4. For retaining the beauty of nature, bio-diversity is important. 5. For the availability of natural resources for human life.

Question 35.
How is bio-diversity depleting continuously?
Answer:

• Loss of habitat :
  The natural shelters of creatures are being destroyed due to human activities.
• Excessive exploitation :
  In place of recharging of these renewable resources, excessive exploitation is destroying them.
• Bio-diversity is being continuously lost due to climate change.

Question 36.
What measures are taken for solid waste management?
Answer:

1. To have proper arrangement of waste disposal in residential areas.
2. Plastic, metal scrap, electronic scrap and nuclear waste should be disposed off according to their nature.
3. To release the waste disposals from the hospitals separately.
4. Throwing of waste in open places should be prohibited.
5. Enclosed vehicles should be used to carry solid waste to their disposal place.

Question 37.
State four reasons for environmental pollution.
Answer:

1. Rapidly increasing industries and failure of industrial units to employ pollution control systems.
2. Destruction of forest areas, and accordingly, lack of tree plantation and excessive grazing.
3. The amount of carbon emission is increasing due to increase in number of vehicles and their increasing emission.
4. Increasing use of chemical fertilizers and insecticides, inappropriate system of irrigation and lack of proper disposal of agricultural wastes.

Question 38.
When was the term ‘sustainable development’ used for the first time?
Answer:
The term ‘sustainable development’ was firstly used mainly in the year 1980 by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources in its World Conservation Policy.

Question 39.
What do you mean by sustainable development?
Answer:
Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Sustainable development is the organizing principle for meeting human development goals, while, at the same time, sustaining the ability of natural systems to provide the natural resources and ecosystem services upon which the economy and society depend. The desired result is a state of society where living conditions and resource use continue to meet human needs without undermining the integrity and stability of the natural system.

Question 40.
State four aims of sustainable development.
Answer:

1. To fully eradicate all types of poverty.
2. To ensure availability of portable, trustworthy and modem energy.
3. To overcome the gender inequality ratio and empowerment of girl child and women.
4. To ensure health to people of all ages.

RBSE Class 11 Economics Chapter 22 Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Write a note on Central Pollution Control Board.
Answer:
The Central Pollution Control Board of India is a statutory organization under the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change. It was established in 1974 under the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974. It has 7 regional offices and 5 laboratories under its control. It manages environment estimation and research. It aims to promote cleanliness of streams and wells in different areas of the States by prevention, control and abatement of water pollution, and to improve the quality of air, and to prevent, control or abate air pollution in the country.

Besides this, CPCB has an automatic monitoring station at ITO Intersection in New Delhi. At this station, Resizable Suspended Particulate Matter (RSPM), Carbon Monoxide (CO), Ozone (03), Sulphur Dioxide (S02), Nitrogen Dioxide (N02) are being monitored regularly.

RBSE Solutions for Class 11 Economics