Rajasthan Board RBSE Class 11 Physical Geography Chapter 20 Ocean Resources
RBSE Class 11 Physical Geography Chapter 20 Text Book Questions
RBSE Class 11 Physical Geography Chapter 20 Multiple Choice Questions
Question 1.
Which is the largest ocean of the world?
(a) Pacific Ocean
(b) Indian Ocean
(c) Arctic Ocean
(d) Atlantic Ocean
Answer:
(a) Pacific Ocean
Question 2.
Which ocean is usually called a sea?
(a) Indian Ocean
(b) Pacific Ocean
(c) Arctic Ocean
(d) Atlantic Ocean
Answer:
(c) Arctic Ocean
Question 3.
What is the percentage of the world’s oil reserves in the oceanic floor?
(a) 20%
(b) 30%
(c) 40%
(d) 50%
Answer:
(c) 40%
Question 4.
What is the energy obtained from tides called?
(a) Geothermal Energy
(b) Tidal Energy
(c) Wind Energy
(d) Solar Energy
Answer:
(b) Tidal Energy
Question 5.
Where in India is mineral oil extracted from the sea?
(a) Gulf of Kutch
(b) Gulf of Khambhat
(c) Mumbai High
(d) Kerala Coast
Answer:
(c) Mumbai High
RBSE Class 11 Physical Geography Chapter 20 Very Short Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
Which is the most important mineral obtained from the sea?
Answer:
Mineral oil is the most important mineral obtained from the sea.
Question 2.
Which is the mineral obtained in the form of lumps from the sea?
Answer:
A mineral named phosphate is obtained in the form of lumps from the sea.
Question 3.
Name the two types of energy obtained from the sea.
Answer:
In the energy obtained from the sea, the tidal energy and the oceanic thermal energy are the major ones.
Question 4.
Where is geothermal energy obtained from?
Answer:
The geothermal energy can be obtained from volcanic eruptions and hot spots on the earth’s surface.
Question 5.
Name the food materials obtained from the oceans.
Answer:
Among the food materials obtained from the oceans fish, many types of algae, plants, plank – tons, mollusks and many sea creatures are included.
RBSE Class 11 Physical Geography Chapter 20 Short Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
Explain the direct and indirect benefits from the oceans.
Answer:
Oceans provide us many types of resources. Climate is affected by the oceans. Oceans are the most economic means of transportation. Sea minerals, food, energy and oceanic transportation are the direct benefits derived from the oceans, while the effect of oceans on the climate is an indirect benefit. Resources obtained from the land are on the verge of ending up. In such situation, oceans are the reserves of the future. The proximity of the oceans is favorable to humans.
Question 2.
What is the importance of the oceans?
Answer:
Oceans have significant importance. Entertainment, sight – seeing, water sports, swimming, sailing, etc. are done through them. Oceans have a profound impact on human civilization. The natural source of rainfall on continents is the ocean. Oceans provide us various types of resources and these are the most economical means of transportation. In addition to these, oceans are the controllers of our climate. Oceans are called the food reserves of the future which shows their importance.
Question 3.
Which requirements will be fulfilled by the oceans in the future?
Answer:
Oceans will fulfill many requirements of mankind in the future, in which, the following requirements are the major ones:
- Food supply.
- Fishery production.
- Supply of various types of minerals.
- Tapping of many types of power sources in the form of energy.
- Supply of drinking water.
- Obtaining various types of health and entertainment facilities.
- Provision of ideal conditions for shipping, etc.
Question 4.
Name the oceanic resources.
Answer:
Oceans are areas of abundance from the perspective of resources. Among oceanic resources, the following are mainly obtained:
- Ocean and Mineral resources.
- Food resources.
- Energy resources.
- Drinking water resources.
- Transportation and trade.
- Strategic importance.
Question 5.
Mention the major mineral resources obtained from the oceans.
Answer:
Many types of mineral resources are present in the bottom of the ocean and in its water but their excavation is very limited. In the oceanic water, the minerals that are mainly obtained include gold, copper, manganese, zinc, lead, uranium, potassium, sulphate, magnesium chloride, mineral oil, phosphate, salt, sand, gravel, platinum, tin, magnetite, iron, tungsten, thorium and monozite.
RBSE Class 11 Physical Geography Chapter 20 Essay Type Questions
Question 1.
Explaining the importance of the oceans, describe their usefulness to humans.
Answer:
Oceans provide us many types of resources. Oceans influence the climate and they are the most economical means of transportation. Sea minerals, food, energy and oceanic transportation are the direct benefits derived from the oceans, while the effect of oceans on the climate is the indirect benefit. Resources obtained from the land are on the verge of ending up. In such situation, oceans are the reserves of the future.
The proximity of the oceans is favorable to humans. Entertainment, sight-seeing, sports, swimming, sailing etc. are done through them. Oceans have a profound impact on human civilization. The natural source of rainfall on continents is the ocean. Thus, oceans have immense significance for humans.
Utility of Oceans:
The rapid growth of population in the world is sure to cause a crisis of food and lack of natural resources. Thus, oceans have the potential to rid mankind of this horrible crisis. In the future, human beings will meet the following requirements from the oceans:
- Oceanic food supply.
- Oceanic fishery production.
- Supply of various types of minerals.
- Provision of many types of power sources as energy.
- Supply of drinking water.
- Impact of oceans on climate.
- Human health and entertainment facilities.
- Oceanic shipping.
Question 2.
Into how many parts are the oceanic resources classified? Explain in detail.
Answer:
The oceanic resources are classified into the following parts:
1. Mineral Resources:
Many types of mineral resources are present at the bottom of the oceans and in their water but their excavation is very limited. According to an estimation, in one cubic km. of sea water, 50 tonnes of silver, 25 tonnes of gold, 11 to 35 tonnes of copper, manganese, zinc and lead, 8 tonnes of uranium, 42 tonnes of potassium sulphate, 185 tonnes of magnesium chloride and many minerals and chemical elements are present. In addition to these, mineral oil, phosphate, salt, sand, gravel, platinum, tin, magnetite, iron, tungsten, and thorium, etc. minerals are also found in the oceans.
2. Food Resources:
About 10 % of the total food materials in the world are obtained from the oceans. Fish is a good protein-rich diet which is an oceanic resource. Fishery . production is a major occupation in the world. Many coastal countries of the world are connected primarily with this business. The main source of their livelihood is the fish resource.
Besides the fish, various types of algae, plants, planktons, molluscs and many sea creatures are also obtained from the sea. Oceans provide shelter and food to the corals found in them. The existence of coral reserves is in danger due to increasing pollution. Their natural colour is changing due to chemical pollution.
3. Energy Resources:
Oceans absorb almost three – fourth part of the insolation received by the earth. Winds and ocean currents flow due to this energy and the temperature of oceanic water increases. Energy is obtained by this. In the energy obtained from the oceans, the tidal energy, oceanic thermal energy and geothermal energy are the major ones.
Electricity is generated by harnessing the tidal energy from tides. In India, tidal electricity is generated from the Gulf of Khambhat and the Gulf of Kutch. Energy is also being obtained from the waves rising in the sea in many countries of the world. Geothermal energy can be obtained from the volcanic eruptions.
4. Drinking Water Resource:
Water of the oceans is not meant for drinking purpose, but in the future it will be used for drinking and domestic works as well as in the industries, etc. For this, almost 500 plants have been installed in the world. These types of plants are installed in large number in the Gulf countries.
5. Transport and Trade:
In ancient times, the oceans were considered obstacles in the mid of two terrains but now they provide the simplest and the most economical transportation facility. These are nature – made highways. The surface of water is flat. Thus, less propelling force is required to travel on it. The oceans present such routes which can be freely used because no country has specific right on them. The North Atlantic waterway is the most prominent among the major international waterways of the world.
This waterway connects North America to the Western European countries. One – fourth trade of the world’s total maritime trade is conducted only through this waterway. The highest importance of this maritime trade is also because it connects two industry – oriented areas. The major international waterway of the world is Suez waterway which connects London to Tokyo. This waterway greatly shortens the sea route passing through the Cape of Good Hope.
6. Strategic Importance:
The oceans were considered obstacles in contact between different continents, but with the development of navigation, their trade and strategic importance has increased.
This is due to many reasons:
Different countries want to increase their dominance to exploit minerals in the oceans. In today’s era, the importance of navy has increased significantly due to increasing economic activities and competition. India is trying to keep the Indian Ocean independent of naval competition at international forums. Currently, the increasing international conflicts lead to a considerable expansion of naval activities.
Making Pakistan a pawn, many big countries specially America, China and Russia are engaged in enhancing their dominance in the Indian Ocean. The unnecessary increasing dominance of these external and distant countries in the Indian Ocean can be dangerous and challenging for our country and this can cause instability in this area, and as a result, the progress of our country can be obstructed. Our country should be cautious about this kind of ill – will.
Question 3.
“Ocean is the key link for the existence of the Earth.” Analyse this statement.
Answer:
Ocean is a very large expanse of aquatic part located on the earth.
Ocean in the form of the key link for the existence of the Earth:
Ocean proves to be an important link for the earth. Their nature is explained by the following points:
1. There is a rapid increase in population on the earth at present and the problem of food crisis for the humans is increasing constantly. In such a situation, the fish resources found in the oceans are proving to be a boon for the human community living on earth.
2. As a result of the huge water body found in the oceans, the process of evaporation takes place by the effect of insolation. Due to this process, the process of precipitation takes place.
3. Availability of water makes the earth a unique planet.
4. Due to availability of water in the oceans, the expanse of the oceans has created a biotic environment.
5. Oceans prove helpful in maintaining the water level on the earth’s surface.
6. The vast expanse of oceanic water controls the temperature of the earth. If the oceans were not there, the temperature on earth would become excessive, and life would not be possible.
7. Due to the oceans, the condition of variations in temperature and atmospheric pressure occurs, or else, the condition of the winds would always be the same.
8. The first oxygen was produced in the oceans, due to which the oceans provided the basis of the origin of living – organisms.
9. Various types of minerals are obtained from the oceans which are the basis of the economic strength of the human community living on the earth.
10. Oceans have played an important role in the transportation and search of new areas from ancient times to present time.
It is clear from all the above facts that oceans are the basis of the biological community found on earth. If there were no oceans, then the earth would be a deserted planet.
RBSE Class 11 Physical Geography Chapter 20 Other Important Questions
RBSE Class 11 Physical Geography Chapter 20 Multiple Choice Questions
Question 1.
On how much of the total area of the earth’s surface is water present ?
(a) 19 %
(b) 52 %
(c) 71 %
(d) 86 %
Answer:
(c) 71 %
Question 2.
Which is the deepest ocean of the world?
(a) Pacific
(b) Atlantic
(c) Indian
(d) Arctic
Answer:
(a) Pacific
Question 3.
In which ocean is the highest quantity of manganese found?
(a) Arctic
(b) Atlantic
(c) Pacific
(d) Indian
Answer:
(c) Pacific
Question 4.
Which salt has the highest concentration among the sea salts?
(a) Calcium
(b) Magnesium
(c) Sulphate
(d) Sodium Chloride
Answer:
(d) Sodium Chloride
Question 5.
How much part of the insolation received by the earth is absorbed by the oceans?
(a) one – fourth
(b) half
(c) three – fourth
(d) one – third
Answer:
(c) three – fourth
Question 6.
Which is the main international waterway?
(a) North – Atlantic
(b) Pacific
(c) Cape of Good Hope
(d) Rhine waterway
Answer:
(a) North – Atlantic
Question 7.
Suez waterway Connects to:
(a) Panama to Cologne
(b) London to Tokyo
(c) Russia to America
(d) India to Australia
Answer:
(b) London to Tokyo
Matching Type Questions
Match the contents of column A with those of column B:
Question 1.
| Column A | Column B |
| (i) Manganese | (a) Food Resource |
| (ii) Fish | (b) Energy Resource |
| (iii) Tidal Energy | (c) A marine transportation waterway |
| (iv) Suez Canal | (d) Mineral Resource |
Answers:
- (d)
- (a)
- (b)
- (c)
RBSE Class 11 Physical Geography Chapter 20 Very Short Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
On how much part of the earth’s surface is water and land found?
Answer:
The expansion of ocean is almost on 71 % part of the total area of the earth’s surface, and the expansion of land is on the rest 29 % part.
Question 2.
Which are the oceans found in the world?
Answer:
There are the three primary oceans in the world:
The Pacific Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean and the Indian Ocean. The Arctic Ocean is found in the form of a secondary Ocean.
Question 3.
Why is the Arctic Ocean considered to be a sea?
Answer:
The depth and area of the Arctic Ocean is very less as compared to other oceans. Thus, this ocean is usually considered to be a sea.
Question 4.
Why is the crisis of lack of natural resources certain to occur?
Answer:
Due to the constant and rapid increase of population in the world and the constant exploitation of resources, the crisis of their lack is sure to arise.
Question 5.
What is meant by phosphorite?
Answer:
Unorganized sediment deposit consisting of minerals is called phosphorite.
Question 6.
How is salt formed?
Answer:
The salts found in the seas, about 78% sodium chloride is found. Edible Salt is produced by evaporating it.
Question 7.
Which food resources are obtained from the oceans?
Answer:
In addition to the fish resource, algae, plants, planktons, mollusks and many sea creatures are obtained from the oceans.
Question 8.
Why is the existence of coral reserves in danger?
Answer:
Due to the constantly increasing pollution in the world, the existence of coral reserves is in danger.
Question 9.
What is meant by insolation?
Answer:
Energy or heat received from the sun on the surface of earth or any other planet is called insolation.
Question 10.
Where can energy be generated by tides in India?
Answer:
In India, electrical energy can be generated by tides in Gulf of Khambhat and the Gulf ofKutch.
Question 11.
Why sea transport is the simplest mode?
Answer:
The surfafce of sea water is flat. Thus, less propelling force is required to travel on it. In this way, this is the simplest transport mode as well as the most economical.
Question 12.
Which is the major international waterway?
Answer:
The world’s major international waterway is the North – Atlantic waterway. One-fourth of the world’s total maritime trade is carried out through this waterway.
RBSE Class 11 Physical Geography Chapter 20 Short Answer Type Questions (SA-I)
Question 1.
Name the salt minerals found in sea water?
Answer:
Salt obtained from the seas is an important mineral. Oceanic water is saline. In this, the amount of dissolved salts is 3.5 %. About 78 % of the total salts include sodium chloride from which edible salt is obtained by the process of evaporation. Salt worth 200 million dollars is produced in the world every year.
Question 2.
Explain the ocean as a drinking water resource?
Answer:
Water of the oceans is not useful for drinking purpose, but in the future it will be used for drinking and domestic works, as well as in the industries, etc. It will be necessary to make this saline water drinkable. For this, almost 500 desalination plants have been installed in the world. These types of plants have been installed in large number in the Gulf countries.
Question 3.
Why has the Indian Ocean become important from a strategic view point?
Answer:
Currently, the increasing international conflicts lead to a considerable expansion of naval activities. Making Pakistan a pawn, many big countries specially America, China and Russia are engaged in enhancing their dominance in the Indian Ocean. The unnecessary increasing dominance of these external and distant countries in the Indian Ocean is making it important from a strategic view point.
RBSE Class 11 Physical Geography Chapter 20 Short Answer Type Questions (SA-II)
Question 1.
Describe the mineral oil, phosphate manganese, and chemical substances found in oceans.
Answer:
The description of all these substances found in oceans is as follows:
1. Mineral Oil:
This is the most important resource found in oceans. About 40 % of the world’s mineral oil reserves are located in the sea floor. Many countries of the world are obtaining oil from seas. In India also, mineral oil is being extracted at a depth of 2000 meters at Mumbai High, 150 km. away from the coast.
2. Phosphate:
Unorganized sediment deposit consisting of minerals is called Phosphate. It is usually found in the form of lumps in the oceans.
3. Manganese:
Nickel and copper are obtained from its lumps, as they are obtained from land resources. It is found in the maximum amount in the Pacific Ocean. Generally, in one cubic km. of sea water, 50 tonnes of silver, 25 tonnes of gold, 11 to 35 tonnes of copper, manganese, zinc and lead, 8 tonnes of uranium, 42 tonnes of potassium sulphate, 185 tonnes of magnesium chloride and many other minerals and chemical elements are present.
Question 2.
What is the contribution of oceans in trade?
Answer:
The contribution of oceans in trade is explained by the following points:
- Ocean provides the simplest and the most economical transport mode.
- Oceans are the nature – made highways.
- The surface of oceanic water is flat, thus less propelling force is required to travel on it.
- Oceans provide such routes which can be freely used.
- Many international water ways are developed in the oceans.
- Oceans connect different countries of the world.
- Oceans connect the various industrial nations of the world.
- The resources found in the oceans are exchanged between different countries.
RBSE Class 11 Physical Geography Chapter 20 Essay Type Questions
Question 1.
Explain the minerals found in the oceans.
Answer:
The main minerals found in the oceans are as follows:
1. Mineral Oil:
This is the most important resource found in oceans. About 40 % of the world’s mineral oil reserves are in the sea floor. Many countries of the world are obtaining oil from seas. In India also, mineral oil is being extracted at a depth of 2000 meters on the Mumbai Highway, 150 km. away from the coast.
2. Phosphate:
Unorganized sediment deposit consisting of minerals is called Phosphate. It is usually found in the form of lumps in the oceans.
3. Manganese:
Nickel and copper are obtained from its lumps as they are obtained from land resources. It is found in the maximum amount in the Pacific Ocean.
4. Salt:
Salt obtained from the seas is an important mineral. Oceanic water is saline. In this, the amount of dissolved salts is 3.5 %. About 78 % of the total salts include sodium chloride from which the salt for food is obtained by the process of evaporation. Salt worth 200 million dollars is produced in the world every year.
Other Minerals:
In the other minerals, sand, gravel, gold, platinum, tin, magnetite, iron, tungsten, thorium etc. are the major ones.