RBSE Solutions for Class 12 Geography Chapter 15 Classification of Resources, Conservation and Sustainable Development

Rajasthan Board RBSE Class 12 Geography Chapter 15 Classification of Resources, Conservation and Sustainable Development

RBSE Class 12 Geography Chapter 15 Text Book Questions

RBSE Class 12 Geography Chapter 15 Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1.
Which one of the following is a biotic resource?
(a) Mineral
(b) Animal
(c) Petrol
(d) Air
Answer:
(b) Animal

Question 2.
Which of the following is an example of abiotic resource?
(a) Coal
(b) Forest
(c) Man
(d) Aquatic animal
Answer:
(a) Coal

Question 3.
Which of these is a conventional energy resource?
(a) Geo – thermal energy
(b) Wind energy
(c) Solar energy
(d) Petroleum
Answer:
(d) Petroleum

Question 4.
Which of these is a non – conventional energy source?
(a) Solar energy
(b) Coal
(c) Natural gas
(d) Diesel
Answer:
(a) Solar energy

RBSE Solutions for Class 12 Geography Chapter 15 Classification of Resources, Conservation and Sustainable Development

Question 5.
Which of these elements is an obstruction in resource conservation?
(a) Uneven land
(b) Rapid industrialisation and urbanisation
(c) Low growth rate
(d) Adopting sustainble development
Answer:
(b) Rapid industrialisation and urbanisation

Question 6.
Sustainable development means:
(a) Misuse of resources
(b) Excess use of resources
(c) Continuous use of resources
(d) Stopping resources use
Answer:
(c) Continuous use of resources

RBSE Class 12 Geography Chapter 15 Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 7.
What do you understand by resources?
Answer:
The materials by using which man fulfills his needs are called resources.

Question 8.
Why is the man called the Father of Resources?
Answer:
Man creates the resources that is why he is called the Father of Resources. In other words, man transforms physical materials into resources in reference to the utility for him. Thus, man is called the Father of Resources.

Question 9.
Why is conservation of resources necessary?
Answer:
To maintain the continuity of the use of resources, their conservation is quite necessary.

RBSE Solutions for Class 12 Geography Chapter 15 Classification of Resources, Conservation and Sustainable Development

Question 10.
Mention four detrimental causes in the conservation of resources.
Answer:

  1. Increasing human needs due to population explosion.
  2. Rapid growth in industrialisation, urbanisation and transportation due to scientific inventions.
  3. Tendency of maximum consumption of resources due to the rampant growth of western consumerism culture.
  4. Thrust for rapid development.

Question 11.
Write four examples of biotic resources.
Answer:
Human, animals, pasturelands and natural vegetation are the four examples of biotic resources.

Question 12.
How can the conservation of resources be done by recycling?
Answer:
Through this method, scraps of metal are melted and made reused. This helps to conserve metallic minerals for the future.

RBSE Class 12 Geography Chapter 15 Short Answer Type Questions

Question 13.
What is mean by the conservation of resources?
Answer:
The planned, prudent, thrifty, recycled – based and non – destructive use of resources is called the conservation of resources. It never means to use the resources in a miserly way or not using them. All resources of the world should be used in such a manner, so that they may be conserved for future generations.

RBSE Solutions for Class 12 Geography Chapter 15 Classification of Resources, Conservation and Sustainable Development

Question 14.
Classify the resources.
Answer:
On the basis of continuous use, origin and aim, resources can be classified through following diagram:
RBSE Solutions for Class 12 Geography Chapter 15 Classification of Resources, Conservation and Sustainable Development img-1

Question 15.
Differentiate between biotic and abiotic resources.
Answer:
Following are the differences:

  1. All biotic resorces are unending due to being renewable by increasing their number through reproduction, while all non – renewable sources due to incapability of reproduction are non – renewable and ending.
  2. Biotic resources can be inactive or active while the abiotic resources are only inactive.

Question 16.
What is sustainable development?
Answer:
It means the use of environmental resources in a balanced, prudent, thrifty, recycling – based and in a non – destructive way. In this way, the fulfilment of the needs for present and future generations may be ensured through sustainable development.

RBSE Solutions for Class 12 Geography Chapter 15 Classification of Resources, Conservation and Sustainable Development

Question 17.
Differentiate between renewable and non – renewable resources.
Answer:
Difference between renewable and non-renewable resources:

1. Renewable resources can be renewed or re – established after using them once. While non – renewable resources cannot be renewed or re – established after being once used, that is why these are called limited resources.

2.  Due to the re – establishment of renewable sources, their reserves never end, such as- Man, animal, forest and water, wind as well as solar, tidal and geothermal energy. While the non – renewable energy sources are on the verge of exhaustion due to their regular use and non-regeneration such as Iron, coal and petroleum, etc.

RBSE Class 12 Geography Chapter 15 Essay Type Questions

Question 18.
Describe in detail the meaning and need of conservation problems and types of resources.
Answer:
All those natural and human factors which man uses for the fulfilment of his needs, are called resources. It is clear that any natural thing becomes a resource when man uses it for his own benefit. That is why, it is said that resources are not present; they are created. According to Jimmerman, “The meaning of resources is to achieve the aim. This aim fulfills the needs and social aims of man”. Following conditions are necessary for a thing to remain in the category of resources:

  1. The use of a thing is possible for human needs.
  2. Such things that can be transformed into valuable and useful.
  3. Such things having capacity to fulfil certain needs.
  4. The human resources exploiting these resources should be prosperous.
  5. Necessary capital should be there for sustainable growth in the form of resources. Because man creates resources, that is why, he is called the Father of Resources.

Need of Resources Conservation:
At present, the need of resource conservation is given in the points below:

1. Conservation of resources is necessary for sustained development of man and for long time use.

2. The speed with which destructive consumption of resources is being done, the crises of their complete exhaustion is imminent. For our coming generations, maintaining the resources availability and their proper conservation is a must.

3. Due to rapid population growth, increasing urbanisation, industrialisation and deforestation on large scale, resources are getting exhausted quickly, and on the other hand, it has caused ecological imbalance and environmental pollution. The resources conservation is necessary to solve these problems, maintaining sustained development and environment quality.

Problem of Resource Conservation:
The fast economic development by man has increased the scale of exploitation in resources. Renewable resources can be re – established to a certain limit, while on the other hand, due to low speed of renewable in non – renewable resources, crises of their exhaustion has arisen. In lack of resources, coming human generations will be deprived of expected development.

Four factors are jointly responsible for causing problems of the conservation of resources:

  1. Increasing human needs due to population explosion.
  2. Rapid growth in industrialisation, urbanisation and transportation due to scientific inventions.
  3. From widespread expansion of western culture, tendency of consumerism, maximum
    use of resources.
  4. Tendency of maximum development.

Types of Resources:
The classification of resources can be done on following four bases:
1. On production basis there are two classes of resources:

  • Biotic resources
  • Abiotic resources

2. On aim basis, there are two classes of resources:

  • Energy resources – conventional and non – conventional are its two sub – classes.
  • Non – energy resources.

3. On the basis of continuous use there are following two classes of resources:

  • Non – renewable or ending resources.
  • Renewable or unending resources.

4. On ownership basis, it is of three classes:

  • Individual resources
  • National resources
  • International resources

RBSE Solutions for Class 12 Geography Chapter 15 Classification of Resources, Conservation and Sustainable Development

Question 19.
Write a note on the methods of resource conservation.
Answer:
Mainly these ten methods are important for conservation of resources:

1. Effective control on population growth:
When populations increases more than the availability of resources then the speed of resources exploitation increases. In such situation, due to excessive exploitation, the non – renewable resources quickly get exhausted. So, for resource conservation in a country, effective control on population growth is necessary.

2. Holistic view in planning:
Proper use and conservation of different environmental factors is called holistic view in planning. The different environment factors are inter related. The shortage of a single factor of environment causes imbalance. Thus, in making development plans, it is necessary to keep in mind the holistic view. In doing so, help is obtained in maintaining environmental balance, and on the other hand, there is a contribution in conservation of resources.

3. Maintaining biotic balance:
For the existence of man, water, air, vegetation and animals are considered the biotic basis. Thus for sustained development and for resource conservation, it is necessary to keep in mind the biotic balance at the time of execution of economic planning. Biotic imbalance creates problems of environmental pollution and ecological imbalance, and as a result, in place of economic development, the possibility of disasters increase.

4. Maximum use of non – conventional resources of energy:
For the conservation of resources, the use of solar energy, wind energy, tidal energy and thermal energy is necessary. This helps in conservation of petroleum, coal, atomic minerals, and along with it the problem of environmental pollution can also be reduced.

5. Search of alternative energy resources:
There are limited reserves of non – renewable resources in the world, so it is necessary to discover and utilises such alternative resources so that non – renewable energy resources remain available to the coming generations. For example, by developing alternative energy resources like solar/wind energy, petroleum resources can be conserved.

6. Use of priority bases:
In nature, the limited and exhaustible resources should be used only for urgent need in activities of national interest and the alternatives of such resources should be used more.

7. Recycling:
In this method, after using once, a product is reused by melting it. It is an important method of resource conservation.

8. Use of artificial things:
In place of using natural resources, use of artificial things is an alternative. It can help the availability of natural resources to be maintained for long time.
For example: the use of plastic articles in place of wooden articles.

9. Advanced and sophisticated technology:
While using natural resources, if advanced and sophisticated technology is used then energy and other resources can be saved.
For example: land resources can be saved by making multistoreyed buildings.

10. Multipurpose use of resources:
When several purposes are fulfilled in the execution of a single project, it is called a multipurpose project. Such projects help in conservation of resources – for example several aims are fulfilled by making dams on the rivers for irrigation, drinking water, hydroelectricity production, fisheries, flood control, forest development, soil conservation, supplementation of underground water, water transportation, etc.

RBSE Solutions for Class 12 Geography Chapter 15 Classification of Resources, Conservation and Sustainable Development

Question 20.
Write your opinion on sustainable development of the resources.
Answer:
Meaning of sustainable development:
The balanced, prudent, thrifty, recycling – abled, adaptable and destructionless consumption of environmental resources, drives sustainable development. Through sustainable development and the work done for continuous development, future and present needs of man can be fulfilled. In sustainable development, stress is given on thrift and recycling and conservation.

Economic development of man has abnormally exploited the resources and this is causing imbalance and great crises of abiotic and biotic inter – relations in environment. Environmental imbalance is a result of pollution, and along with excessive exploitation of resources, it has become difficult to maintain continuous pace of development.

Thus, in future, in place of temporary development it is necessary to adopt sustainable development so that environmental defects can be avoided. Due to the concept of continuous development constant development can be said to be the sustainable development.

Population Growth and Sustainable Development:
Development is directly associated with per capita income, industrial and agricultural development, advanced transportation, information technology, pure air, fresh drinking water, comfortable residence, necessary clothing, healthy food, modern medical facilities and the availability of amusement facilities.

In the human development index of the world, Norway (0.944), Australia (0.935) and Switzerland are on first, second and third place respectively, while India with 0.609 human development index is on the 130th place. Thus, the countries having high human development index have prudently exploited the natural and human resources and increasing national income has made the life of citizens smooth and prosperous.

To maintain harmony of population growth with economic development, it is necessary that production should be done on local level by the industrial units based on local raw material so that with the use of raw material on local level, opportunity of employment would be there for local people, production cost would decrease and society and nation would move towards self dependence.

In the developing countries of the world, due to high population and lack of export business, low living standard is seen and a large part of population is found in a state of poverty and starvation. In these countries, there is shortage of capital and advanced technology for establishment of big industries. Thus, in these countries, medium – sized industries are preferred.

The country like India, with surplus manpower, labour – based industry would be more useful. On the other hand, in developed countries due to less population and growing exports business, progress and prosperity is seen and therefore high standard of living is found.

RBSE Solutions for Class 12 Geography Chapter 15 Classification of Resources, Conservation and Sustainable Development

RBSE Class 12 Geography Chapter 15 Additional Questions with Answers

RBSE Class 12 Geography Chapter 15 Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1.
Which of the following is not an abiotic resource?
(a) Mineral
(b) Soil
(c) Pasture land
(d) Water
Answer:
(c) Pasture land

Question 2.
Which of these statements is not true regarding abiotic resources?
(a) There is shortage of replenishment capacity in abiotic resources.
(b) Its formation process is too slow.
(c) It can be renewed quickly
(d) These resources are available in a certain quantity at certain places.
Answer:
(c) It can be renewed quickly

Question 3.
Which of the following is not a conventional resource?
(a) Solar energy
(b) Coal
(c) Petroleum
(d) Natural gas
Answer:
(a) Solar energy

Question 4.
Which of these is not a non – renewable resource?
(a) Forest
(b) Iron
(c) Coal
(d) Natural gas
Answer:
(a) Forest

RBSE Solutions for Class 12 Geography Chapter 15 Classification of Resources, Conservation and Sustainable Development

Question 5.
Which of the following is not an individual resource?
(a) House
(b) Land
(c) Physical and mental capability
(d) Mineral
Answer:
(d) Mineral

Question 6.
The meaning of resources conservation is:
(a) Miserly use
(b) Use according to need
(c) Excessive use
(d) Prudent and long – time use
Answer:
(d) Prudent and long – time use

Question 7.
Which of the following is not a measure of resource conservation?
(a) Excess use of conventional energy
(b) Recycling
(c) Control on population growth
(d) Advanced and high technology
Answer:
(a) Excess use of conventional energy

Match the Following

Question 1.
Match the options given in column A with right options given in column B:

Column A (Resource) Column B (Types)
(i) Man (a) Abiotic resource
(ii) Soil (b) Renewable resource
(iii) Wind energy (c) Non – renewable resource
(iv) Petroleum (d) Biotic resource

Answer:
(i) d, (ii) a, (iii) b, (iv) c.

RBSE Solutions for Class 12 Geography Chapter 15 Classification of Resources, Conservation and Sustainable Development

RBSE Class 12 Geography Chapter 15 Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What definition did Jimmerman give about resources?
Answer:
The meaning of resources is to obtain an aim, this aim fulfils the needs and social goals of man.

Question 2.
“Resources are not there, these are made”, what is the meaning of this statement?
Answer:
Unless man discoveres, processes and utilises resources, they are of no use. Thus, resources are not there, these are made.

Question 3.
Into how many parts are the resources divided on the basis of product?
Answer:
These are classified into two parts – biotic and non – biotic resources.

Question 4.
Why are the biotic resources everlasting?
Answer:
Because they are capable to increase their numbers by reproduction.

Question 5.
Which are moving biotic resources?
Answer:
Mari and other animals have movement. Hence, they are moving biotic resources.

Question 6.
What are abiotic resources?
Answer:
All types of stable and lifeless factors are abiotic, resources.

Question 7.
Why are abiotic resources non – renewable?
Answer:
Because they do not have reproduction capacity and are exhausted once used.

RBSE Solutions for Class 12 Geography Chapter 15 Classification of Resources, Conservation and Sustainable Development

Question 8.
Give three examples of non – renewable resources.
Answer:
Coal, petroleum and iron.

Question 9.
Give three examples of renewable sources.
Answer:
Forest, underground water, human.

Question 10.
Into how many parts are resources divided on the basis of aim?
Answer:
These are divided into two parts – Energy resources and non – energy resources.

Question 11.
Which are conventional resources?
Answer:
The resources which are being used since ancient time.

Question 12.
What is the meaning of non – conventional resources?
Answer:
The resources which have been put to use recently.

Question 13.
What are non – energy resources?
Answer:
The resources which are used as raw material in manufacturing industries.

Question 14.
On the basis of continuity of use, into how many parts are the resources divided?
Answer:
These are divided into two parts – Non – renewable or ending and renewable or unending resources.

RBSE Solutions for Class 12 Geography Chapter 15 Classification of Resources, Conservation and Sustainable Development

Question 15.
What are non – renewable resources?
Or
What do you mean by limited resources?
Answer:
The resources that cannot be re – created after use are called limited resources. Due to continuous use of these resources, they end quickly and are non – renewable.

Question 16.
What are renewable resources?
Answer:
The resources which can be renewed or re – established after use are called renewable or unlimited resources. Due to their re – establishment, their reserves would never end. That is why these are called renewable resources.

Question 17.
Into how many parts are the resources divided on the basis of ownership?
Answer:
These are classified into three parts – individual resources, national resources and international resources.

Question 18.
What are the individual resources?
Answer:
The resources on which a person or a family or an institution has the right of ownership, are called individual resources, such as house, land and cash, etc.

Question 19.
What do you mean by national resources?
Answer:
The resources on which entire nation has right of ownership such as-population, minerals and forest, etc.

Question 20.
What are international resources?
Or
What are world resources?
Answer:
The resources on which entire world has right of ownership.

RBSE Solutions for Class 12 Geography Chapter 15 Classification of Resources, Conservation and Sustainable Development

Question 21.
Define conservation of resources.
Answer:
The planned, prudent, thrifty, non – destructive use of resources, according to population need and long – time use is the conservation of resources.

Question 22.
Why has the need of resource conservation arisen?
Answer:
Population explosion caused by scientific inventions in industrialisation, urbanisation and transport sector, increases consumption of resources and due to western consumerist culture the trend of maximum economic development has led to the need of resource conservation.

Question 23.
Write main objective of multipurpose conservation consumption of resources?
Answer:
Chief aim of the uses of multipurpose conservation of resources are:

  1. Water for drinking purposes, water for irrigation purposes and for hydro – eleatric production purposes.
  2. Flood control, fisheries, forest development, soil erosion control.
  3. Increasing groundwater level and water transport.

Question 24.
Give examples of multipurpose use of petroleum.
Answer:
Petrol and diesel are two main energy products of petroleum whereas kerosene oil, greace, ubricating oil, vaseline, synthetic substances, wax are its other by – products.

Question 25.
What does development mean?
Answer:
Development refers to the per capital income of industrial and agricultural production, availability of clean drinking water, pure air, modern techniques and facility of education.

RBSE Solutions for Class 12 Geography Chapter 15 Classification of Resources, Conservation and Sustainable Development

RBSE Class 12 Geography Chapter 15 Short Answer Type Questions (SA-I)

Question 1.
When does a thing become a resource on the earth?
Or
Which are the ideal conditions for something to become a resource?
Answer:
Following conditions are necessary for something to become a resource:

  1. Use of the things is possible.
  2. Possibility of being valuable and useful.
  3. Fulfillment of certain aims should be possible.
  4. Skilled Human resources should be available to exploit these items.
  5. Necessary capital should be available for sustainable development in the form of resources.

Question 2.
Classify the resources on the basis of product.
Answer:
There are following two classes:

1. Biotic Resources:
In these resources, all sorts of living factors are included, such as man, animals, birds, and natural vegetation. As biotic resources reproduce, they are able to increase their numbers, this is why they are called renewable or unending resources.

2. Abiotic Resources:
In this class are included stable and lifeless factors, such as – minerals, soil, land, etc. Due to their inability to reproduce, these resources are non – renewable and ending and they exhaust forever after one time use only.

Question 3.
Classify resources on the basis of the ownership.
Answer:
These can be classified into three following classes:

1. Personal Resources:
The resources on which a person or a family has the right of ownership such as – house, land, cash and gold ornaments, etc.

2. National Resources:
The resources on which the entire nation has the right of ownership, such as – forest, water, solar energy technology, etc.

3. International Resources:
The resources on which the entire world has the right of ownership. These resources are associated with man’s prosperity and welfare, such as all the physical and biotic resources.

RBSE Solutions for Class 12 Geography Chapter 15 Classification of Resources, Conservation and Sustainable Development

Question 4.
Name major methods for conservation of resources.
Answer:
Following are the methods:

  1. Effective control over population growth.
  2. Holistic view in planning.
  3. Maintaining biotic balance.
  4. More use of non – conventional energy sources.
  5. Discovery of alternative resources.
  6. Use on priority base.
  7. Recycling.
  8. Use of artificial things.
  9. Use of advanced technology.
  10. Multipurpose use of resources.

Question 5.
Resource conservation is the important need of the world at present. Why?
Answer:
Following are the causes:

1. Rapid population growth, and technical development has increased the rate of exploitation, due to which several natural resources of the world, specially non – renewable resources, are on the verge of extinction. So, such resources are to be saved for future generations.

2. While important resources are disappearing due to increased urbanisation, industrialisation and deforestation, on the other hand, it has also created serious problem of environmental pollution and imbalance. To maintain human existence and to provide a healthy environment, resource conservation is necessary.

RBSE Solutions for Class 12 Geography Chapter 15 Classification of Resources, Conservation and Sustainable Development

Question 6.
Write down main measures to maintain population growth and economic level.
Answer:
Following measures are needed:

  1. Use of advanced technology and use of local raw material to increase the opportunity of employment.
  2. For optimum utilisation of manpower, use of labour – based technology is desirable.
  3. Execution of multipurpose projects for more efficient utilisation of resources.
  4. Effective control on over population growth and better outlook in planning.
  5. Maximum use of renewable resources and discovery of alternative resources.
  6. Discovery of alternative resources and use of resources on priority basis.
  7. In place of maximum development of resources, stress should be laid on necessary development.

RBSE Class 12 Geography Chapter 15 Short Answer Type Questions (SA-II)

Question 1.
Clarify the tendency of resource conception.
Answer:
Resources are such natural and human wealth which we use for fulfillment of our needs. Progress and existence of human life depend on resources. Each natural resource is useful for human life, but this use is possible through the development of suitable technology. In this regard, Jimmerman wrote that meaning of resources is to obtain an aim; this aim fulfills individual needs and social aim. Along with the resource usefulness, their transferability, supply capacity and sustainable development is equally important.

RBSE Solutions for Class 12 Geography Chapter 15 Classification of Resources, Conservation and Sustainable Development

Question 2.
How is effective population control helpful in resource conservation?
Answer:
Population is a highly important and necessary resource of any country. Man uses resources for economic development and to make life better. In the ratio of resources without any pressure of population, there will be economic development without any obstacle. But as soon as population increases in comparison to resources, exploitation of resources begins.

In this process, non – renewable sources quickly get exhausted. For the fulfillment of the needs of fast growing population, more and more resources are needed. Thus if the resources are to be conserved, effective control on over population is necessary, otherwise the situation of imbalance and exploitation will arise.

Question 3.
Why is maintenance of biological balance necessary?
Answer:
The aim of industrial and economic development is to make man’s life advanced and comfortable. For human existence, water, air, soil, vegetation, animals, etc. are major biotic bases. Thus, by keeping in mind” the biotic balance, environmental balance and availability of the resources has to be ensured by economic planning. Through such planning man will progress much, that is why maintaining biotic balance is necessary.

Question 4.
Why the concept of sustained development become the need of the hour?
Answer:
From the hunting age of. ancient time to present advanced technology, in the development journey, man has used the resources excessively. Due to excessive exploitation of resources, inter – relations of natural and biotic factors have been harmed. Due to the imbalance between environment and development a danger has arisen before us in the form of defects of environmental pollution.

Harming the environment and exhaustion of resources make it necessary to maintain the pace of sustained development. Keeping in mind all factors and to avoid the defects of environments in place of temporary ideology, the concept of sustained development becomes necessary.

RBSE Solutions for Class 12 Geography Chapter 15 Classification of Resources, Conservation and Sustainable Development

RBSE Class 12 Geography Chapter 15 Essay Type Questions

Question 1.
On the basis of aim and continuity of use, classify the resources.
Answer:
Classification of resources:
On the basis of aim, following two classes of resources are there:

  1. Energy resources
  2. Non – energy resources.

RBSE Solutions for Class 12 Geography Chapter 15 Classification of Resources, Conservation and Sustainable Development img-2
1. Energy Resources:
In this group, those resources are included from which energy or power is obtained, for example – petroleum, coal, atomic energy, solar energy, human labour and animal power etc. Generally, energy resources can be kept into two classes.

(i) Conventional energy resources:
These have been in use since a long time, such as – coal, petroleum, hydroelectricity and atomic energy.

(ii) Non – conventional energy resources:
These are the resources which man has started using recently. These are called non – conventional energy resources.
For example: solar energy, wind energy, geothermal and tidal energy.

2. Non – energy Resources:
In this group such resources are included which are used by man as raw material or in manufacturing industries. These are called non – energy resources, for example – Iron, gold, silver, zinc, copper and aluminium, etc.

Classification of resources on the basis of continuous use:
Under it, the resources can be kept into two groups:

  • Non – renewable or exhausting resources.
  • Renewable or un – exhausting resources.

Non – renewable or exhausting resources:
These are also called limited resources because resources are available on the earth in a certain quantity which reduce with use. These cannot be replaced after their use and there remains the probability of exhausting them. That is why these are called non – renewable resources, such as coal, petroleum, iron, etc.

Renewable or Un – exhausting resources:
The resources of this group can be renewed or re – established after use by man or nature. Due to their re – establishment, their reserves never exhaust. That is why these are called renewable resources.
For example: forest, water, air, geothermal, tidal energy.

RBSE Solutions for Class 12 Geography